Thailand’s economic trajectory, once buoyed by strong regional linkages and a thriving tourism sector, is increasingly being shaped by the evolving situation in China. In the past decade, China has emerged not only as Thailand’s largest trading partner but also as a primary source of investment, tourism, and even migrant labour. However, with China now facing significant economic headwinds—including a real estate crisis, weakening consumer confidence, and tightening capital c

As China faces mounting economic, social, environmental, and geopolitical challenges, an old conversation reemerging—both domestically and abroad—about whether a more open and participatory political model might better equip the country to respond. Could a gradual, phased evolution towards a form of “democracy with Chinese characteristics” help China mitigate some of its most pressing systemic risks? This article explores how democratic tools like transparency, accountabi

China: Risks to watch for 2023 and beyond Contents Introduction                         Downturn in the real estate sector in China Ongoing tension and strategic rivalry with the United States Regional relationships Systemic risks within China Things to watch through 2023 and beyond Summary